1 00:00:00,729 --> 00:00:08,170 Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's video we are going to be talking about three different things. Okay? 2 00:00:08,170 --> 00:00:12,110 So, we are going to be learning some new vocabulary that have to do with superstition, and I'll 3 00:00:12,110 --> 00:00:17,380 explain what superstitions are; we're going to be learning about culture, and Western 4 00:00:17,380 --> 00:00:23,490 culture, and North American culture; as well as grammar, today we are going to be learning 5 00:00:23,490 --> 00:00:25,680 about the first conditional. 6 00:00:25,680 --> 00:00:31,960 So this is a great video because you are going to be learning a lot by the end of it, hopefully. 7 00:00:31,960 --> 00:00:34,420 So, let's get started. 8 00:00:34,420 --> 00:00:37,120 First I want to tell you about superstitions. I love the topic of superstitions; I think it's very interesting. 9 00:00:41,750 --> 00:00:50,239 So, what a superstition is, is it is a belief, and this belief, it's usually cultural, but it can also be personal. Okay? 10 00:00:52,890 --> 00:00:59,820 And this belief is not based in science, so it's not scientific. 11 00:00:59,820 --> 00:01:06,290 Oftentimes when we're talking about superstitions we're talking about supernatural things, we're 12 00:01:06,290 --> 00:01:12,950 talking about good luck, bad luck, curses, you know, we're talking about things maybe 13 00:01:12,950 --> 00:01:18,080 from our culture's history and a different way of seeing the world. 14 00:01:18,080 --> 00:01:22,790 So if you're confused about superstitions, don't worry, when I give you examples you 15 00:01:22,790 --> 00:01:26,830 will start to really understand what a superstition is. Okay, so let's start off with an example. 16 00:01:29,890 --> 00:01:34,280 Imagine this: I took a test and I did really well. 17 00:01:34,280 --> 00:01:37,920 I got a very high score on my test. 18 00:01:37,920 --> 00:01:41,560 Now, why did I get a high score? 19 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:45,500 Maybe you think: "Oh, you probably studied well." Okay? 20 00:01:45,500 --> 00:01:47,340 So that might be kind of a scientific explanation. 21 00:01:47,340 --> 00:01:50,850 "Oh, Emma studied, so she did well on her test." Well, maybe I brought a pen to the test and it's a very lucky pen or a very lucky pencil, 22 00:01:59,160 --> 00:02:03,820 and I think anytime I use this pen or pencil I'm going to do well. 23 00:02:03,820 --> 00:02:07,060 It's my lucky charm, it's my lucky pen or pencil. 24 00:02:07,060 --> 00:02:11,849 If you think I did well on my test because I have a lucky pen, then that would be an 25 00:02:11,849 --> 00:02:15,600 example of a superstition. 26 00:02:15,600 --> 00:02:20,659 It's like a ritual you do to get good luck or to keep bad luck from happening, and it's 27 00:02:20,659 --> 00:02:23,930 a belief about these types of things. Okay? 28 00:02:23,930 --> 00:02:32,349 So, if for example, I say: "I did great on my test because I brought a lucky pen to class.", "I did really well on my test because it was, you know, at 7pm and 7 is a lucky number so 29 00:02:41,520 --> 00:02:46,010 therefore, you know, 7pm means I'm going to do well on my test. And I wore green, and green's a lucky colour, so all these reasons helped me on my test", 30 00:02:52,599 --> 00:02:56,099 you would say I'm superstitious. Okay? 31 00:02:56,099 --> 00:03:03,659 So, "superstition" is a belief, it's a cultural belief that explains something in the world, 32 00:03:03,659 --> 00:03:05,819 but not based in science. 33 00:03:05,819 --> 00:03:08,450 A person is "superstitious". 34 00:03:08,450 --> 00:03:12,209 We use "superstitious" to describe people. 35 00:03:12,209 --> 00:03:17,830 My mother is the most superstitious person I know. 36 00:03:17,830 --> 00:03:21,659 She is very superstitious. In our house there are many superstitions. 37 00:03:24,749 --> 00:03:26,959 Okay? And that's true. 38 00:03:26,959 --> 00:03:29,340 I grew up in a very superstitious household. 39 00:03:29,340 --> 00:03:34,579 So let's look at some Western superstitions I grew up with. 40 00:03:34,579 --> 00:03:39,349 These are the ones that were in my own experience and my own culture. So, one example of a superstition is if you walk under a ladder, this is very bad luck. Okay? 41 00:03:50,529 --> 00:03:56,169 So when I walk down the street, if I see a ladder, I never walk under it because I'm 42 00:03:56,169 --> 00:03:59,810 also very superstitious. 43 00:03:59,810 --> 00:04:03,650 If you find a penny, so a penny is a type of... 44 00:04:03,650 --> 00:04:06,060 It's a type of currency or a type of... 45 00:04:06,060 --> 00:04:12,040 It's a form of money, it's a coin, and if you find a penny... 46 00:04:12,040 --> 00:04:15,109 If I ever find a penny, I always pick it up. Okay? 47 00:04:15,109 --> 00:04:20,700 I pick it up off the ground because I think the penny will give me good luck. Okay? 48 00:04:20,700 --> 00:04:25,720 A little crazy, I know, but a lot of people in North America do this. 49 00:04:25,720 --> 00:04:31,600 13 is considered a very unlucky number. 50 00:04:31,600 --> 00:04:38,910 In Western culture you'll notice a lot of apartment buildings do not have a 13th floor, 51 00:04:38,910 --> 00:04:40,620 and that's because people think it's so... 52 00:04:40,620 --> 00:04:45,410 They think it's very unlucky, so they don't want to live on the 13th floor because they 53 00:04:45,410 --> 00:04:48,700 think they will, you know, have bad luck. I know in China the number 4 is very unlucky, and so it's the same thing. 54 00:04:55,640 --> 00:04:57,490 In China you don't see... 55 00:04:57,490 --> 00:05:02,140 In apartment buildings you usually don't see a 4th floor because it's very unlucky. 56 00:05:02,140 --> 00:05:06,320 Okay, so we've talked about some good luck and some bad luck. 57 00:05:06,320 --> 00:05:13,420 Another superstition that we use a lot in Western culture is when you have somebody 58 00:05:13,420 --> 00:05:20,600 who is maybe going for an interview, doing a test, or a presentation, or some kind of 59 00:05:20,600 --> 00:05:29,480 performance, maybe they're singing, you know, to an audience - we like to say to them: "Break a leg." Okay? 60 00:05:29,480 --> 00:05:34,210 Which seems kind of strange to say to somebody, but before somebody does some sort of presentation or performance, we say: "Break a leg", and that's considered a good luck thing to do. 61 00:05:40,050 --> 00:05:46,270 Like, if you say: "Break a leg" to somebody it means you're wishing them good luck. Okay? So: "Break a leg" means good luck. 62 00:05:48,730 --> 00:05:51,420 "I hope you break a leg on your exam today." 63 00:05:51,420 --> 00:05:55,310 It means: I hope you have good luck on your exam today. 64 00:05:55,310 --> 00:06:00,560 So this is also, like, superstitious to say this. 65 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:04,640 This one is my mother's favourite thing to say, I think this is the thing she says the 66 00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:10,080 most: "Things always happen in threes." Okay? 67 00:06:10,080 --> 00:06:17,630 So, if I, you know, for example, trip and fall, my mom will say: "Okay, that's one time. 68 00:06:17,630 --> 00:06:22,430 You're going to fall again maybe two more times today, so you'll fall three times today in total." 69 00:06:22,430 --> 00:06:29,010 And I always think: "Wow, she's, you know, a little crazy", but she's very superstitious. Okay? 70 00:06:29,010 --> 00:06:34,760 Or if I do well on a test, she'll say: "Oh, this is great. 71 00:06:34,760 --> 00:06:36,220 You did well on this test. 72 00:06:36,220 --> 00:06:42,250 You have two more tests, so you will do well on all three tests", because things always 73 00:06:42,250 --> 00:06:43,760 happen in threes. 74 00:06:43,760 --> 00:06:50,170 Or, you know, even worse, if I do bad on a test, she'll say: "Oh, you did bad on this test. 75 00:06:50,170 --> 00:06:54,900 You're going to do bad on the next two because things always happen in threes." So that's what I mean. 76 00:06:55,900 --> 00:07:03,010 It is not scientific at all, but, you know, you have people who are very superstitious 77 00:07:03,010 --> 00:07:05,720 who say these things. 78 00:07:05,720 --> 00:07:10,300 Another common superstition in the west and maybe you have the same superstition, I don't 79 00:07:10,300 --> 00:07:14,050 know, is: "Knock on wood." Okay? 80 00:07:14,050 --> 00:07:23,430 So, what happens is if you say something good about the future, you want it to happen. 81 00:07:23,430 --> 00:07:28,690 So to keep good luck and to make sure it happens, we... 82 00:07:28,690 --> 00:07:34,430 Okay, this is wood, you know, it's a car, we knock on it. Okay? 83 00:07:34,430 --> 00:07:36,110 So we say: "Knock on wood." 84 00:07:36,110 --> 00:07:39,820 So, for example, if I say: "You know what? 85 00:07:39,820 --> 00:07:43,170 Tomorrow I have a test, I studied really hard. 86 00:07:43,170 --> 00:07:46,870 I'm going to do amazing on my test. I know it." 87 00:07:46,870 --> 00:07:51,880 I need to knock on wood, otherwise because I said that I'm going to have bad luck. 88 00:07:51,880 --> 00:07:53,590 Or, you know, if... 89 00:07:53,590 --> 00:07:58,610 So, a lot of people here, you'll see them knocking on tables, on doors, on anything 90 00:07:58,610 --> 00:08:03,980 wooden and it's because they want to keep the good luck and they want to prevent bad 91 00:08:03,980 --> 00:08:05,460 luck from happening. So it's a very common superstition. Okay. 92 00:08:08,740 --> 00:08:16,030 So, again, these are all examples of superstitions in Western culture. You know, and then we also have our own personal superstitions. 93 00:08:19,350 --> 00:08:27,590 So, for example, I have a lucky necklace that I like to wear, you know, during exams or tests. You know, different people, like I said before, maybe you have a lucky pen or a lucky shirt. 94 00:08:34,438 --> 00:08:41,968 I know for sports a lot of people will always wear the same, like, jersey or shirt because 95 00:08:41,969 --> 00:08:47,330 they think that if they wear that jersey their team will win. Okay? 96 00:08:47,330 --> 00:08:53,310 So these are all examples of superstitions, and there are thousands of them. Okay? So now let's look at the grammar of superstitions. Okay? 97 00:08:57,300 --> 00:09:01,970 So we've talked about the culture, we've talked about vocabulary-"superstition", "superstitious"-now 98 00:09:01,970 --> 00:09:07,470 we're going to talk about grammar and specifically the first conditional. 99 00:09:07,470 --> 00:09:12,310 Okay, so now we're going to learn about the first conditional. There are more than one conditional. 100 00:09:14,130 --> 00:09:20,249 There's the first conditional, the second conditional, the third conditional, and so forth. 101 00:09:20,249 --> 00:09:23,529 Today we are only focused on the first one. 102 00:09:23,529 --> 00:09:26,990 And this is a very important piece of grammar in English. 103 00:09:26,990 --> 00:09:31,580 We use the first conditional all the time so it's something you do want to learn. 104 00:09:31,580 --> 00:09:34,379 Okay, so what is the first conditional? 105 00:09:34,379 --> 00:09:38,850 Well, I have here an example of a sentence that is the first conditional. 106 00:09:38,850 --> 00:09:46,649 "If I study for my test, I will pass it." Okay? 107 00:09:46,649 --> 00:09:53,730 And then I have another example: "If you break a mirror, you will have 7 years of bad luck." 108 00:09:53,730 --> 00:09:59,509 So these two sentences have the same grammar, they're both first conditional sentences. 109 00:09:59,509 --> 00:10:05,600 So, what first conditional senses are, are they are sentences that have two parts to 110 00:10:05,600 --> 00:10:13,060 them, and what they reflect is a cause and an effect relationship. So, what do I mean by that? 111 00:10:15,360 --> 00:10:22,490 Well: "If I study for my test", so that's the first part, what is going to happen? 112 00:10:22,490 --> 00:10:25,249 This is the cause. Okay? 113 00:10:25,249 --> 00:10:31,079 I study for my test, and then we have the second part which is the effect, which means what happens. "If I study for my test, I will pass my test. 114 00:10:35,180 --> 00:10:37,430 I will do well on my test." 115 00:10:37,430 --> 00:10:40,059 So this is the effect, okay? 116 00:10:40,059 --> 00:10:45,579 So for first conditionals you always have two parts, you have the cause and then you 117 00:10:45,579 --> 00:10:48,060 have the effect. 118 00:10:48,060 --> 00:10:54,559 In this case we have our cause: "If you break a mirror", okay? So this is the cause. 119 00:10:54,559 --> 00:10:56,600 What happens if you break a mirror? 120 00:10:56,600 --> 00:11:04,459 Well, if you're a superstitious person like my mom, if you break a mirror, what happens? You will have 7 years of bad luck. Okay? 121 00:11:08,420 --> 00:11:14,059 For other people maybe if they're more scientific, maybe this would be: "If you break a mirror, 122 00:11:14,059 --> 00:11:16,999 you will have to buy a new one." Okay? 123 00:11:16,999 --> 00:11:19,129 So that's cause and effect. 124 00:11:19,129 --> 00:11:20,829 So always in two parts. So, the thing about the first conditional is we're talking about a cause and effect, 125 00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:32,470 but it's not 100% that the effect is going to happen. 126 00:11:32,470 --> 00:11:33,910 So what do I mean by that? Well: "If I study for my test, I will pass it." 127 00:11:38,149 --> 00:11:42,980 This part is in the future, and so we don't know the future. 128 00:11:42,980 --> 00:11:49,170 I don't know if I'm going to pass the test if I study, but I'm pretty sure. Okay? I'm not 100% sure. 129 00:11:51,420 --> 00:11:56,749 Maybe there's, you know, a trick question or maybe the day of the test, you know, I 130 00:11:56,749 --> 00:12:02,959 didn't sleep well so I don't remember any of the answers, or maybe, you know, my teacher makes a mistake while they mark my test. 131 00:12:05,820 --> 00:12:16,699 So even though I'm not sure 100% that, you know, if I study I will do well, I'm pretty sure. It's a probability, so it probably will happen. 132 00:12:20,720 --> 00:12:23,019 And so this is very key with the first conditional. 133 00:12:23,019 --> 00:12:29,749 You're talking about things in the future that are very likely to happen. Okay? 134 00:12:29,749 --> 00:12:33,550 Maybe like 90% likely to happen. Okay. So, now let's break down the grammar of this. Okay? 135 00:12:38,110 --> 00:12:42,160 "If I study for my test, I will pass it." 136 00:12:42,160 --> 00:12:46,759 So I've already said this, but just to see if you were listening: How many parts are 137 00:12:46,759 --> 00:12:49,470 there in this sentence? 138 00:12:49,470 --> 00:12:52,519 If you said: "Two", you are correct. 139 00:12:52,519 --> 00:13:00,509 We have the cause, and then after the comma we have the effect. Okay? 140 00:13:00,509 --> 00:13:07,089 So, now what I want you to do is I want you to look at the first word in the sentence. 141 00:13:07,089 --> 00:13:09,749 What is the first word? 142 00:13:09,749 --> 00:13:12,740 If you said: "If", you are correct. 143 00:13:12,740 --> 00:13:17,209 When we use the first conditional we usually have the word "If" in it, okay? So: "If" is a part of the first conditional, so I have it down here: "If", and then what 144 00:13:23,959 --> 00:13:25,740 comes after "If"? 145 00:13:25,740 --> 00:13:26,819 We have a subject. 146 00:13:26,819 --> 00:13:34,879 It might be: "I", it could be "you", it could be "he", "she", "we", "they", "it", it can 147 00:13:34,879 --> 00:13:35,879 be any of those. 148 00:13:35,879 --> 00:13:38,499 After the subject we have a verb. 149 00:13:38,499 --> 00:13:42,699 "If I study for", "If you break", okay? So the green underline, these are all verbs. 150 00:13:47,160 --> 00:13:50,949 And if you look at the tense of the verb, what tense is it in? 151 00:13:50,949 --> 00:13:55,480 "If I study", this is the present tense. Okay? 152 00:13:55,480 --> 00:13:59,800 "If I study for my test, I will pass it." Okay, so then we have here: "If" plus subject, it's kind of like math. 153 00:14:04,279 --> 00:14:05,610 If you don't like math, that's okay. 154 00:14:05,610 --> 00:14:11,060 We'll see some more examples, you know, that might make this easier, but: "If" plus subject, plus verb, plus object... 155 00:14:13,079 --> 00:14:15,589 So the objects are in red. 156 00:14:15,589 --> 00:14:17,259 Then we have a comma. 157 00:14:17,259 --> 00:14:20,499 Very important, this piece of punctuation. 158 00:14:20,499 --> 00:14:28,879 "I", so we have another subject, "will pass it", so the first conditional always has the 159 00:14:28,879 --> 00:14:29,892 word "will" in it, too. 160 00:14:29,892 --> 00:14:37,040 It always has the word "if" and it also always has the word "will" or "won't" if you're talking about, like, the negative version of "will". 161 00:14:40,129 --> 00:14:46,860 Okay, so this is the formula of the first conditional. Okay? 162 00:14:46,860 --> 00:14:49,500 You are going to get to practice this in a moment. 163 00:14:49,500 --> 00:14:53,600 I'm going to give you some words and you are going to make your own first conditional sentence 164 00:14:53,600 --> 00:14:57,339 following this formula. Okay? 165 00:14:57,339 --> 00:14:58,610 Following my example. 166 00:14:58,610 --> 00:15:05,920 So, again, one last time I'll say this: After the comma, so after the cause we have the 167 00:15:05,920 --> 00:15:12,119 effect, and it's the effect that has the word "will" in it because we are talking about 168 00:15:12,119 --> 00:15:14,579 something in the future. Okay? So the cause is in the present and the effect or the second part of the sentence we use 169 00:15:20,829 --> 00:15:22,810 the future tense. 170 00:15:22,810 --> 00:15:24,490 So now let's do some... 171 00:15:24,490 --> 00:15:29,630 Actually before we get to some practice, I just wanted to ask you: Do you have this same 172 00:15:29,630 --> 00:15:35,529 superstition in your culture, if you break a mirror you will have seven years of bad luck? 173 00:15:35,529 --> 00:15:37,949 I wonder because I actually did this. 174 00:15:37,949 --> 00:15:41,720 When I was seven, I stepped on a mirror and I broke it, and I was so worried about having 175 00:15:41,720 --> 00:15:46,910 bad luck for seven years, but you know, my life actually went quite good at that period of life, so you know, just wondering if your culture has something similar to when you 176 00:15:51,550 --> 00:15:53,399 break a mirror, what happens. 177 00:15:53,399 --> 00:15:57,329 All right, so now let's look at some examples... 178 00:15:57,329 --> 00:15:59,399 Some more examples of the first conditional. 179 00:15:59,399 --> 00:16:04,220 I want you to get out a pen and a piece of paper because you are going to do some work now. 180 00:16:04,220 --> 00:16:09,790 Okay, so we've looked at the first conditional and we've looked at a couple of examples. Now I'm going to get you to try to do a sentence yourself. 181 00:16:13,220 --> 00:16:16,959 And if you have trouble, that's okay, you know, this is the first time you're probably doing this, so don't worry about it, but I do want you to try. 182 00:16:20,860 --> 00:16:25,720 So, I have here a Western superstition. 183 00:16:25,720 --> 00:16:27,720 If you find a penny... Oh, oops. 184 00:16:27,720 --> 00:16:29,910 I'll say this not in a first conditional. Find a penny, this equals good luck. Okay? 185 00:16:34,329 --> 00:16:38,350 So how can we make this into a first conditional sentence? 186 00:16:38,350 --> 00:16:43,740 And to help you I've left the mathematical formula on the board, so we have the different 187 00:16:43,740 --> 00:16:51,399 things you need-okay?-in order to turn this into a first conditional sentence. 188 00:16:51,399 --> 00:16:56,500 So I want you to pause the video, stop the video, on a piece of paper try it yourself 189 00:16:56,500 --> 00:17:02,970 first, and then turn on the video and I will explain how we turn this into a first conditional 190 00:17:02,970 --> 00:17:04,970 sentence. Okay? 191 00:17:04,970 --> 00:17:06,630 So pause the video now. 192 00:17:06,630 --> 00:17:10,030 Okay, so welcome back. So now we are going to turn this into a first conditional sentence. 193 00:17:13,470 --> 00:17:16,319 I want you to see if this is what you got. 194 00:17:16,319 --> 00:17:20,549 So, first conditional we start with: "If", okay? 195 00:17:20,549 --> 00:17:25,010 So we look down here: "If", so I start with: "If". 196 00:17:25,010 --> 00:17:27,000 Now we need a subject. 197 00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:32,769 In this case we can use any subject, but the subject I'm going to use is "you". 198 00:17:32,769 --> 00:17:38,769 So: "If you", so we have our subject, now we need a verb. 199 00:17:38,769 --> 00:17:53,460 "If you", okay, well, we have a verb right here: "If you find a penny", okay? 200 00:17:53,460 --> 00:17:55,570 And "penny" is our object. 201 00:17:55,570 --> 00:17:57,080 What do we need next? 202 00:17:57,080 --> 00:18:01,710 Most important thing people always forget: comma, that's right. 203 00:18:01,710 --> 00:18:09,159 So: "If you find a penny," what happens in Western superstitions? 204 00:18:09,159 --> 00:18:11,430 What happens if you find a penny? 205 00:18:11,430 --> 00:18:16,480 So now we need another subject, so we will use "you" again. 206 00:18:16,480 --> 00:18:25,900 And then what do we need? "will" and then our verb, so in this case, you know, you get 207 00:18:25,900 --> 00:18:27,650 good luck or you have good luck. 208 00:18:27,650 --> 00:18:40,950 So: "If you find a penny you will have good luck", and "good luck" is our object. Great. 209 00:18:40,950 --> 00:18:42,610 So compare your sentence. Even if you didn't get everything the same, did you get some things the same? 210 00:18:47,120 --> 00:18:49,760 Because you should be really proud of yourself if you did. 211 00:18:49,760 --> 00:18:53,429 If you got: "If" at the beginning, yay, give yourself a round of applause. 212 00:18:53,429 --> 00:18:54,429 Or if you... 213 00:18:54,429 --> 00:19:00,640 You know, if you got any of this, if you remembered the comma, that's amazing; a lot of people don't. 214 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:04,429 So let's try with another example. Okay? 215 00:19:04,429 --> 00:19:07,740 I have here another superstition. 216 00:19:07,740 --> 00:19:12,929 If you open an umbrella inside, what happens? 217 00:19:12,929 --> 00:19:18,450 In our superstition you will have bad luck. Okay? 218 00:19:18,450 --> 00:19:24,770 So now what I want you to do is stop the video and try to make your own sentence about this 219 00:19:24,770 --> 00:19:29,330 superstition, and this formula again can help you with that. Okay? 220 00:19:29,330 --> 00:19:33,429 So, stop the video now and then we will continue. 221 00:19:33,429 --> 00:19:36,380 Okay, welcome back again. 222 00:19:36,380 --> 00:19:40,840 Now, let's make this into a first conditional sentence. So what do we need to start with? 223 00:19:42,220 --> 00:19:45,940 If you said: "If", you are correct. 224 00:19:45,940 --> 00:19:53,299 And then, again, we need a subject: "If you", then we need a verb and the verb is in the 225 00:19:53,299 --> 00:19:54,770 present tense. 226 00:19:54,770 --> 00:20:09,560 "If you open an umbrella inside", okay, so we have the first part. 227 00:20:09,560 --> 00:20:12,490 And is this the cause or the effect? 228 00:20:12,490 --> 00:20:13,919 This is the cause. 229 00:20:13,919 --> 00:20:18,250 So the cause is what, you know, causes something to happen. 230 00:20:18,250 --> 00:20:22,149 So: "If you open an umbrella inside", what happens? 231 00:20:22,149 --> 00:20:28,260 Well, we put the comma, and again, a lot of students forget this comma. 232 00:20:28,260 --> 00:20:31,780 Very important because it separates the cause and the effect. 233 00:20:31,780 --> 00:20:35,470 So you have the comma and now we need the effect. 234 00:20:35,470 --> 00:20:36,470 What do we put? 235 00:20:36,470 --> 00:20:49,780 "If you open an umbrella inside, you will"-so, again, "will" is always with the first conditional-"have bad luck". 236 00:20:49,780 --> 00:20:53,419 Okay, great. 237 00:20:53,419 --> 00:20:56,660 So, compare your answer. 238 00:20:56,660 --> 00:20:59,429 Did you get something similar? 239 00:20:59,429 --> 00:21:01,039 Maybe you forgot a word. 240 00:21:01,039 --> 00:21:02,039 It's okay. 241 00:21:02,039 --> 00:21:03,070 This takes a lot of practice. 242 00:21:03,070 --> 00:21:07,700 And we do have a quiz at the end that you can do more practice on to really get comfortable 243 00:21:07,700 --> 00:21:10,710 with this, but you know, this is... 244 00:21:10,710 --> 00:21:13,169 You should have something similar to this. 245 00:21:13,169 --> 00:21:15,899 Okay, great. So we use the first conditional a lot. 246 00:21:19,639 --> 00:21:26,480 One more thing I wanted to say about it is: Can you switch the cause and effect in the sentence? 247 00:21:26,480 --> 00:21:32,039 So, for example, here I have: "If you open an umbrella inside, you will have bad luck." 248 00:21:32,039 --> 00:21:37,880 Can I say: "You will have bad luck if you open an umbrella inside"? 249 00:21:37,880 --> 00:21:39,929 Can I switch part one and part two? 250 00:21:39,929 --> 00:21:41,929 You can. Okay? 251 00:21:41,929 --> 00:21:45,419 So that would look like... 252 00:21:45,419 --> 00:21:46,450 That would look like... 253 00:21:46,450 --> 00:21:53,450 So imagine if I get rid of this, I turn this into a capital letter, so: "You will have 254 00:21:53,450 --> 00:22:05,539 good luck"-get rid of the period-"if you find a penny". 255 00:22:05,539 --> 00:22:11,450 So, they have the same meaning. 256 00:22:11,450 --> 00:22:13,779 You have a choice with the way you do it. 257 00:22:13,779 --> 00:22:16,480 Do what feels comfortable for you. Okay? 258 00:22:16,480 --> 00:22:21,300 If one of these is easier than the other, you know, do whatever is easiest for you. 259 00:22:21,300 --> 00:22:25,750 You'll also notice when I switch it around: "You will have good luck if you find a penny", 260 00:22:25,750 --> 00:22:28,179 there is no comma. Okay? 261 00:22:28,179 --> 00:22:37,429 So, when "If" is at the beginning of the sentence, you need a comma here, if "if" is in the middle 262 00:22:37,429 --> 00:22:41,250 of the sentence, you do not need a comma. Okay? 263 00:22:41,250 --> 00:22:44,460 And, again, this is a lot of material. 264 00:22:44,460 --> 00:22:48,340 You've just learned about vocabulary, you've learned about culture, and now you're learning about grammar, so you might want to watch this video a couple of times just to practice 265 00:22:52,789 --> 00:22:58,549 and get used to, you know, the vocabulary and the grammar, especially it will help you 266 00:22:58,549 --> 00:23:00,919 to watch this video multiple times. 267 00:23:00,919 --> 00:23:05,539 I also wanted to tell you about our quiz which I mentioned earlier. 268 00:23:05,539 --> 00:23:09,860 We will have a lot of practice questions where you can practice conditionals and you can 269 00:23:09,860 --> 00:23:14,760 practice the ordering and, you know, like: "Where do you put 'If'? 270 00:23:14,760 --> 00:23:16,559 Where do you put "will"? 271 00:23:16,559 --> 00:23:18,580 What does this mean?" Okay? 272 00:23:18,580 --> 00:23:20,440 So we will have a lot of questions about that. 273 00:23:20,440 --> 00:23:24,179 So I encourage you to come visit our website at www.engvid.com. 274 00:23:24,179 --> 00:23:27,270 There, you can do our quiz. 275 00:23:27,270 --> 00:23:30,070 And I also encourage you to come check out our... 276 00:23:30,070 --> 00:23:34,980 Or my channel and subscribe to my channel because I have a lot of other resources about 277 00:23:34,980 --> 00:23:41,169 vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, conversation, just so many different things about English 278 00:23:41,169 --> 00:23:43,669 that I think are really useful for students. 279 00:23:43,669 --> 00:23:46,070 So I encourage you to come check that out, too. Thank you for watching. 280 00:23:47,490 --> 00:23:54,120 And I just wanted to leave you with one superstition: If you do this, if you check out our quiz and do our quiz, and if you subscribe to my channel, you will have good luck for the next 50 years. Okay? 281 00:24:02,450 --> 00:24:05,179 So it's a good thing to do. This is a superstition I'm creating. 282 00:24:05,179 --> 00:24:11,450 Check out our website and check out my channel, and in return you will have very, very good 283 00:24:11,450 --> 00:24:13,830 luck for the next 50 years. Until next time, take care.